走近《哈利波特》,電影會告訴你許多道理

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哈利波特》只有小孩子能看嗎?當然不是。魔法媽媽羅琳會告訴你許多道理,比如,愛是最強大的武器,比如,笑聲是治癒恐懼的良方,比如,“選擇”而不僅僅是“能力”會決定我們是誰 .....

《哈里波特1》——遠離耽於幻想魔鏡

一次偶然的機會,小哈里波特發現了魔鏡,他能在鏡子裡看到自己素未謀面的爸爸媽媽。於是,每到夜深人靜,他幾次穿着爸爸留給他的隱身衣,躲過門衛的檢查,來到魔鏡前。這天,他遇到了校長鄧不利多,鄧不利多開導他說,要遠離耽於幻想的魔鏡,要現實地生活——

D: I see that you, like many before you, have discovered the delights of the Mirror of Erised. I trust by now you realize what it does. Let me give you a clue. The happiest man on earth would look in the mirror and see only himself, exactly as he is.

H: So then, it shows us what we want, whatever we want.

D: Yes, and no. It shows us nothing more or less than the deepest and most desperate desires of our hearts. Now you, Harry, who have never known your family, you see them standing beside you. But remember this, Harry, This mirror gives us neither knowledge or truth. Men have wasted away in front of it. Even gone mad. This is why tomorrow it will be moved to a new house. And I must ask you not to go looking for it again. It does not do to dwell on dreams and forget to live.

重點講解

delight,樂趣,好處。鄧不利多告訴哈里,他猜想現在哈里已經知道鏡子的好處了。他說,世上最幸福的人在鏡子裡只會看到他自己,只有他自己,別無其他。

波特回答,鏡子裡出現的是我們想要的東西,任何我們所求的東西。鄧不利多回答“也對也不對”(Yes, and no.)。它展現的我是我們內心最深切(deep)、最強烈(desperate)的渴望。因爲哈里從生下來就沒有見過父母,所以他在鏡子裡看到的就是一家三口其樂融融的景象。詞組nothing more or less than,正是,恰恰就是。

但是,鄧布利多話鋒一轉,這個鏡子既不給我們知識,也無法告訴我們真相(neither…or…既不……也不……)。人們在它面前浪費了太多的時間,甚至會爲它而發瘋。詞組wasted away,荒廢,白白耗費。鄧布利多警告哈里,不要再去找這個魔鏡,不要躑躅於幻想而忘記了現實地生活(dwell on dreams and forget to live)。

《哈里波特1》——愛是最強大的武器

伏地魔命令奇洛教授搶奪哈里波特手中的魔法石。就在奇洛教授快掐死哈里的時候,哈里發現,奇洛被哈里的手碰到的地方就會腐爛。哈里藉機打敗了伏地魔,自己也昏死過去。當他在學校醫務室醒來,校長鄧布利多就在他牀頭,點醒了他這個問題,爲什麼哈里有如此的威力——

D: Harry, do you know why Professor Quirrell couldn’t bear to have you touch him? It was because of your mother. She sacrificed herself for you. And that kind of act leaves a mark.

(Harry touches his scar)

D: No, this kind of mark cannot be seen. It lives in your very skin.

H: What is it?

D: Love, Harry, love.

重點講解

鄧布利多說,是因爲哈里的媽媽,在當初伏地魔企圖殺害他們的那個晚上,媽媽犧牲(sacrifice)了自己保全了哈里。這個舉動(act)自然留下了痕跡,留下了標誌(mark)。

哈里以爲指的是留在他額頭上的疤痕(scar),不自覺的摸了一下。鄧布利多洞悉了他的心思,解釋說,不,這種印記肉眼是看不到的,它留在你的每寸肌膚裡(It lives in your very skin)。它是什麼?它就是——“愛”。愛是最強大的武器,再高強的魔法也無力戰勝,那是一位母親用生命換來的。

《哈里波特2》——能力?還是選擇?

這是影片將要結束的時候哈里波特(Harry Potter)與魔法學校校長鄧布利多(Dumbledore)之間的談話。波特因爲自己也會說伏地魔(Voldemort)的語言蛇語”(Parseltongue)而惴惴不安。老校長開導他:決定我們是誰的不是我們的能力,而是我們的選擇。

Dumbledore: I sense that something is troubling you. Am I right, Harry?

Harry: It's just....you see, sir, I couldn't help butnotice certain things, certain....certain similarities between Tom Riddle and me.

Dumbledore: I see. Well, you can speak Parseltongue, Harry. Why? Because Lord Voldemort can speak Parseltongue. If I'm not mistaken, Harry......he transferredsome of his powers to you......the night he gave you that scar.

Harry: Voldemort transferred some of his powers to me?

Dumbledore: Not intentionally......but yes.

Harry: So the Sorting Hatwas right. I should be in Slytherin.

Dumbledore: It's true. You possess many of the qualities that Voldemort himself prizes. Determination, resourcefulness......and if I may say so, a certain disregardfor the rules. Why, then, did the Sorting Hat place you in Gryffindor?

Harry: Because I asked it to.

Dumbledore: Exactly, Harry, exactly, which makes you different from Voldemort. It is not our abilities that show what we truly are. It is our choices.

重點講解:

Voldemort是魔法界無惡不作的壞魔法師,在密室裡波特和他的化身Tom Riddle爭鬥的時候發現,自己天生就具有Voldemort的某種能力——會說“蛇語”,因此向老校長Dumbledore提出了自己的疑問。couldn't help but do表示忍不住、禁不住要做某事。

老校長說,如果他沒有弄錯的話(be mistaken,犯錯的、錯誤的),是因爲Voldemort在殺死波特父母的那個夜晚,在波特額頭上留下傷疤的同時也把他的法力轉給波特一部分。transfer,轉移、遷移、轉讓。intentionally,有意地、故意地。老校長下一句話的意思是,Voldemort不是故意要這樣做,但確實如此、事實如此。

Sorting Hat,是當初新生入學的時候把學生進行分院劃分的“分院帽”。Gryffindor(格蘭芬多)是四個學院中培養偉大魔法師的地方;Slytherin(斯萊特林)卻總是出Voldemort那樣能力很強、出身世家但不夠高尚的壞巫師

波特擁有許多Voldemort自己也讚賞的品質,堅定果敢(determination)、足智多謀(resourcefulness)以及對紀律的漠視(disregardfor the rules)。之所以波特沒有被分到斯萊特林學院而是被分到格蘭芬多學院就是因爲他強烈的要求。所以,在這個意義上,校長Dumbledore才說,選擇而不是能力,使我們展現出真我、決定了我們是誰。(It is not our abilities that show what we truly are. It is our choices.)

哈里波特3——新學期開學校長的警告

新學期本該喜氣洋洋,可哈里波特和他的小夥伴們卻被一層陰雲籠罩着。他們在開往學校的火車上遇到了搜查車廂的陰森森攝魂怪(dementor),據說他們是在追捕阿茲卡班監獄(Azkaban)越獄的犯人小天狼星布萊克(Sirius Black)。新學期的開學典禮上,校長鄧布利多再次警告了學生們,離這些不得不招待的客人們——攝魂怪——遠一點……

D: Finally, on a more disquieting note, at the request of the Ministry of Magic, Hogwarts will, until further notice, play host to the dementors of Azkaban. Until such a time as Sirius Black is captured.The dementors will be stationed at every entrance to the grounds. Now whilst I've been guaranteed that their presence will not disrupt our day-to-day activities.

A word of coution. Dementors are vicious creatures. They'll not distinguish between the one they hunt and the one who gets in their way. Therefore, I must warn each and every one of you to give them no reason to harm you.

It is not in the nature of a dementor to be forgiving. But you know, happiness can be found even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light.

重點講解

鄧布利多講話的最後一部分,說到了霍格沃茨學校(Hogwarts)應魔法部(Ministry of Magic)的的要求,不得不招待阿茲卡班監獄的看守——攝魂怪。詞組at the request of,應……的要求、請求。

因爲攝魂怪會吸走人身上的所有快樂,所以他們的到來是不受歡迎的,甚至是讓人擔憂的,所以開始的時候,鄧布利多就說,下面要說的關於攝魂怪的是事情是關於一個令人不安的說明(on a more disquieting note)。

校長警告他的學生們,“沒別的,就是一個詞,小心”(A word of coution)。攝魂怪是種邪惡的(vicious)生物,他們不會區別對待(distinguish)追捕的對象和任何一個擋住他們去路的人。詞組get in one’s way,擋住某人的去路。

可是,鄧布利多不是隻嚇唬嚇唬學生,他還要給學生以信心和希望。他說,雖然攝魂怪的本性是不仁慈的(not forgiving),但是,只要一個人時刻想着點亮燈火,即使在最黑暗的歲月,幸福還是可以預期的(happiness can be found even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light.)。他在告訴學生,不要被這些恐怖的東西嚇倒,要讓自己足夠堅強。

哈里波特3:清澈的心才能洞悉未來

魔法學校第三年開的課程中有一門是占卜課(divination)。課下,小高材生赫敏曾經對波特和羅恩說過,她覺得占卜是一門缺乏科學依據和理論分析的學問,是不可靠的。轉過天來,教授在占卜課上講授如何在水晶球裡預見未來,赫敏終於受到打擊了——

P: Together we shall cast ourselves into the future. The truth lies buried like a sentence deep within a book, waiting to be read. But first, you must broaden your minds. First you must look beyond. Use your Inner Eye to see the future. Only then can you see. Try again.

H: Do you mind me trying?

P: My dear. From the first moment you stepped foot in my class I sensed that you did not possess the proper spirit for the noble art of Divination. No. You may be young in years, but your heart is as shriveled as an old maid’s, your soul as dry as the pages of the books to which you so desperately cleave.

重點講解

教授在占卜課上滿懷激情地說,讓我們將自己投向未來。動詞cast是很常用的,最基本的意思就是,投射,拋,擲。接着她用了一個比喻讓學生敞開心扉:真相往往事被掩蓋的,就像書本中的詞句等待閱讀理解一樣,真相是有待發掘的(The truth lies buried like a sentence deep within a book, waiting to be read.)。

喜歡在課堂上出風頭、搶答問題的赫敏又忍不住問:您介意讓我試試嗎?(Do you mind me trying?)

占卜課的這位女教授很尖刻地告訴赫敏,她沒有領悟占卜這門高貴藝術的天賦(not possess the proper spirit for the noble art of Divination)。也許赫敏的年齡並不大,但她的心枯燥(shriveled)得像個老女人,她的靈魂乾癟得就像她如此鍾情的書本的每一頁。詞組cleave to,本意是粘住,這裡的意思是忠誠於……,鍾情於……。副詞desperately形容這種鍾情的程度,指拼命地,不顧一切地。

下面的情節是赫敏把水晶球扔到地上,摔門而去。一個很愛讀書又成績很好的小姑娘在大庭廣衆之下受到搶白自然是受不了的。這裡我們看到的是作者的態度:小書蟲式的學習只能讓一個孩子未老先衰,只有清澈的心才能洞悉未來。

哈里波特3——笑聲是治癒恐懼的良方

黑魔法防禦課上盧平教授(Lupin)講的是如何祛除幻形怪(boggart)。正如赫敏回答的那樣,幻形怪並沒有固定的外形,它會變成你心中最害怕的那種東西,也許是一條毒蛇,也許是哪個嚴厲的教授,也許是對你最致命的場景,這是它最可怕的地方。不過,幸好,祛除它的咒語並不難學——

H: Boggarts are shape-shifters. They take the shape of whatever a person fears the most. That's what makes them so terrifying.

L: Yes. Luckily, a very simple charm exists to repel a boggart. Let's practice it now. Without wands, please. After me. Ridikulus!

S: Ridikulus!

L: You see, the incantation alone is not enough. What really finishes a boggart is laughter. You need to force it to assume a shape you find truly amusing. Let me explain.

重點講解

祛除(repel)幻形怪的魔咒(charm)是Ridikulus,這個詞是ridiculous(荒謬的)的變形體。換句話說,作者要告訴我們就是,祛除心底的恐懼,最好的方法就是蔑視它,認爲它不值一提。

當然,只有藥方是不夠的,還要有個藥引子,那就是——笑聲。在心中給恐懼想個好笑的(amusing)形狀。電影中的一個情節就是,一個害怕斯內普教授的學生,看着幻形怪變成的思內普教授,想象他穿着老奶奶的衣服,結果想象變成了事實,全班同學都逗笑了。

哈里波特3——沒有家長簽字不許去!

聖誕節快到了,魔法學校有個慣例,讓表現良好的學生在得到家長允許的情況下,參觀Hogsmeade村莊,那裡有免費的糖果,各種的娛樂。前提是家長在學校發的回執表上簽字。哈里因爲假期裡沒有得到姨媽的簽字,苦苦哀求仍然被麥格教授拒之門外——

M: Remember, these visits to Hogsmeade village are a privilege. Should you behavior reflect poorly on the school that privilege shall not be extended again. No permission form signed, no visiting the village. That's the rule, Potter.

H: I thought if you signed it, then I could.

M: I can't. Only a parent or a guardian can sign. Since I am neither, it could be inappropriate. I'm sorry, Potter. That's my final word.

重點講解

這個對話中有許多省略而精煉的表達方式。第一個就是麥格教授對學生們說“沒有家長同意的簽了字的表格,就不許去”。(No permission form signed, no visiting the village.)是否定詞加名詞短語的形式。

麥格教授是個表面嚴厲內心慈愛老太太。哈里波特就是瞅準這點想拉下臉皮好好央求。他說,我想,你給我的表格簽字了,我就能去了。I could是省略了後面的visit the village。

遺憾的是,老太太仍然沒有給哈里開綠燈。她的理由是,父母親中的一位(a parent,很少用到的表達),或一位監護人(a guardian)纔可以簽字。因爲這兩者我都不是(since I am neither),所以我簽字是不合適的(inappropriate)。

義正言辭的老太太最後加了一句,雖然覺得對不住哈里波特,但這是規定,也是她最終的決定(final word)。

哈里波特3——守門的胖夫人被嚇跑了

哈利-波特在霍格沃茨魔法學校已經度過了不平凡的兩年,而且早已聽說魔法世界中有一座守備森嚴的阿茲卡班監獄,裡面關押着一個臭名昭著的囚徒,名字叫小天狼星布萊克。傳言布萊克是“黑魔法”高手伏地魔——殺害哈利父母的兇手——的忠實信徒,曾經用一句魔咒接連結束了十三條性命。不幸的是,布萊克逃出了阿茲卡班,一心追尋哈利——

Harry: What's going on?

Ronn: Probably someone forgot the password again.

Headboy: Let me through, please. Excuse me, I'm the headboy. Get back, all of you. No one is to enter this dorm until it has been fully searched.

Girl: The fat lady. She is gone.

Ronn: So everything is fine. She is a terrible singer.

Hermonie: It's not funny, Ronn.

Headboy: Keep clam, everyone. Be quiet, the headmaster is here.

Dombledore: I'm here, move.

Headboy: You heard? Move!

Dombledore: Mr. Filtch, round up the ghosts. Turn to search every pedelion in the castle and find the fat lady.

Filtch: There's no need for the ghost, professor. That lady is there.

Headboy: Hey, where are you going? Slow down! You listen, I'm the headboy.

Dombledore: Dear lady! Who did this to you?

Fat lady: Here's a devil I saw. And I certainly know his name. It's him, master. The one you all talked about. He's here. Somewhere in the castle. Serious Black.

Dombledore: Secure the castle, Mr. Filtch. Rest of you, to the great hall.

語言點講解與提示

1. let me through,借過,讓我過去的意思。

2. round up, 表示“包圍,圍捕”。

3. secure這裡作爲動詞,表示“保護”。